# Getting Started with Rtinycc

`Rtinycc` bundles TinyCC and exposes two layers:

- low-level helpers for working with the bundled compiler and `libtcc`
- a higher-level FFI interface for compiling small C fragments into callable R functions

The package is designed around explicit data conversion. You declare the C signature you want, `Rtinycc` generates the wrapper code, and the compiled object exposes ordinary R-callable functions.

## Toolchain Paths

The bundled TinyCC installation is discoverable from R:

    tcc_path()
    #> [1] "/tmp/Rtmp5iKlI1/Rinst4bc6dde38bf6/Rtinycc/tinycc/bin/tcc"
    tcc_include_paths()
    #> [1] "/tmp/Rtmp5iKlI1/Rinst4bc6dde38bf6/Rtinycc/tinycc/include"
    #> [2] "/tmp/Rtmp5iKlI1/Rinst4bc6dde38bf6/Rtinycc/tinycc/lib/tcc/include"
    #> [3] "/tmp/Rtmp5iKlI1/Rinst4bc6dde38bf6/Rtinycc/include"
    tcc_lib_paths()
    #> [1] "/tmp/Rtmp5iKlI1/Rinst4bc6dde38bf6/Rtinycc/tinycc/lib/tcc"
    #> [2] "/tmp/Rtmp5iKlI1/Rinst4bc6dde38bf6/Rtinycc/tinycc/lib"

These helpers are useful when you need to inspect the bundled toolchain or bridge `Rtinycc` with other build logic.

## A Minimal FFI Example

The usual entry point is `tcc_ffi()`. You add C source, declare the function signatures you want to expose, and compile once:

    ffi <- tcc_ffi() |>
      tcc_source(
        "
        static double affine(double x, double slope, double intercept) {
          return slope * x + intercept;
        }
        "
      ) |>
      tcc_bind(
        affine = list(
          args = list("f64", "f64", "f64"),
          returns = "f64"
        )
      ) |>
      tcc_compile()

    ffi$affine(2, 3, 4)
    #> [1] 10

The wrapper takes care of converting R numerics to `double` and converting the C return value back to an R scalar.

## Managing Globals

You can also expose C globals through generated getter and setter helpers:

    ffi_globals <- tcc_ffi() |>
      tcc_source(
        "
        int shared_counter = 1;

        void bump_counter(void) {
          shared_counter += 1;
        }
        "
      ) |>
      tcc_bind(
        bump_counter = list(args = list(), returns = "void")
      ) |>
      tcc_global("shared_counter", "i32") |>
      tcc_compile()

    ffi_globals$global_shared_counter_get()
    #> [1] 1
    ffi_globals$bump_counter()
    #> NULL
    ffi_globals$global_shared_counter_get()
    #> [1] 2

This pattern is useful for wrapping small stateful C helpers without dropping to the lower-level `libtcc` API.

## When to Use `tcc_link()`

`tcc_compile()` is for source you provide directly. `tcc_link()` is for binding to functions that already exist in a shared library. The high-level binding format is the same, so you can move between generated code and linked code without changing the R-side calling convention. See the `Linking External Libraries` vignette for the external-linking workflow and the platform-specific runtime notes.